Daim ntawv thov ntawm Thermogravimetry-Mass Spectrometry (TG-MS) Cov txheej txheem hauv Pyrolysis Kev Tshawb Fawb Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Cov khoom siv hluav taws kub retardant tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub thiab lub neej niaj hnub, ua rau kev kawm txog lawv cov txheej txheem pyrolysis thiab nplaim taws retardant mechanisms tseem ceeb heev. Cov txheej txheem TG-MS muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tsom xam thermogravimetric (TG) thiab huab hwm coj spectrometry (MS), ua kom lub sijhawm saib xyuas cov kev hloov pauv loj thiab cov khoom siv roj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaum cua sov. Qhov no ua rau nws yog ib qho cuab yeej muaj zog rau kev tshawb nrhiav qhov tob ntawm tus cwj pwm pyrolysis thiab nplaim hluav taws retardant cov txheej txheem ntawm hluav taws kub retardant cov ntaub ntawv.

Cov ntsiab cai ntawm TG-MS Technique

2.1 Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG)

Thermogravimetric tsom xam yog ib qho txheej txheem los ntsuas qhov loj ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv raws li qhov ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias raws li kev tswj hwm qhov kub thiab txias. Hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm pyrolysis ntawm hluav taws kub retardant khoom, cov qauv yog muab tso rau hauv cov qauv ntawm tes ntawm ib tug thermogravimetric analyzer, uas yog rhuab ntawm ib tug tas li cua sov tus nqi. Raws li qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom siv hluav taws kub retardant undergoes decomposition, volatilization, thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua. Lub ntsuas kub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov ntsuas kub lossis lub sijhawm (piv txwv li, TG nkhaus) los ntawm kev sib npaug siab, intuitively xav txog cov thermal stability thiab thermal decomposition txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom.

2.2 Txoj Cai ntawm Mass Spectrometry (MS)

Mass spectrometry yog cov txheej txheem rau kev sib cais thiab kuaj cov ions raws li lawv qhov loj-rau-them piv (m / z) siv cov qauv hauv electromagnetic tom qab ionizing qauv molecules. Hauv MS, cov qauv molecules yog thawj zaug ionized rau hauv ntau yam ions hauv qhov chaw ion. Cov ions no tau sib cais los ntawm lawv cov m / z hauv hluav taws xob thiab sib nqus thiab tom qab ntawd kuaj pom los ntawm lub ntsuas. Lub detector hloov cov ion teeb liab mus rau hauv hluav taws xob teeb liab, uas yog amplified thiab ua tiav los ua ib tug loj spectrum. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov loj spectrum tso cai rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus txheeb ze ntawm cov khoom siv roj.

2.3 TG-MS Hyphenation Technique

Cov txheej txheem TG-MS hyphenation txuas lub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas thiab ntsuas huab hwm coj los ntawm kev sib txuas tshwj xeeb, tso cai rau cov khoom siv roj los ntawm cov qauv pyrolysis hauv cov ntsuas ntsuas thermogravimetric ncaj qha nkag mus rau huab hwm coj ntsuas ntsuas. Kev tsim ntawm lub interface yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim nws yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv sai thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom siv roj mus rau qhov loj spectrometer thaum tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov huab cua sab nraud kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb ntawm cov txiaj ntsig kev soj ntsuam.

3. Daim ntawv thov ntawm TG-MS hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Thaum Lub Sij Hawm Pyrolysis ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

3.1 Kev Npaj Ua Qauv thiab Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas

Ua ntej TG-MS thwmsim, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov loj me me (feem ntau kaum rau ntau pua microns) kom ntseeg tau tias cov cua sov tsis sib xws thaum lub sij hawm pyrolysis. Tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm cov qauv yog muab tso rau hauv cov qauv ntawm tes ntawm lub ntsuas ntsuas thermogravimetric, thiab cov kev sim ntsuas tau teeb tsa, suav nrog cov cua sov (feem ntau 5-20 ° C / min) thiab qhov kub thiab txias (txiav txim siab raws li cov khoom siv, feem ntau ntawm chav tsev kub txog 800 ° C lossis siab dua). Rau qhov loj spectrometer, tsim nyog ion qhov chaw (piv txwv li, electron cuam tshuam ion qhov chaw EI), scanning ranges (txiav txim siab raws li m / z ntawm cov khoom siv roj tau), thiab hom kev kuaj pom (xws li hom scan tag nrho, xaiv ion saib hom SIM) raug xaiv.

3.2 Kev soj ntsuam zoo thiab ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv roj

Thaum lub sij hawm kev sim, raws li qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom siv roj los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pyrolysis tsis tu ncua nkag mus rau hauv huab hwm coj spectrometer. Kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm cov khoom siv roj yog ua los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas huab hwm coj spectra. Piv txwv li, lub ncov ion ntawm m / z 18 feem ntau sib haum rau dej (H₂O), thiab lub ncov ntawm m / z 44 yuav sib haum rau carbon dioxide (CO₂) lossis CO₂ tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm carbon monoxide (CO) nrog oxygen (O₂). Kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom siv roj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ua tiav los ntawm kev sib piv nrog cov qauv loj spectral databases.

Rau kev tsom xam ntau, cov txheej txheem sab hauv lossis cov txheej txheem sab nraud feem ntau siv. Cov txheej txheem sab hauv suav nrog ntxiv qhov paub txog cov khoom siv hauv cov qauv rau cov qauv thiab suav cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom lag luam roj los ntawm kev sib piv cov cheeb tsam ncov lossis kev siv ntawm cov txheej txheem sab hauv thiab cov khoom lag luam. Tus qauv txheej txheem sab nraud suav nrog kev npaj cov txheej txheem ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide nrog kev paub ntau ntxiv los npaj cov qauv nkhaus, los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv roj hauv cov qauv txiav txim siab raws li nws qhov chaw siab tshaj lossis siv zog.

4. Qhia txog nplaim taws Retardant Reaction Pathways ntawm cov khoom hluav taws kub retardant raws li TG-MS

4.1 Division of Pyrolysis Stages and Analysis of Gas Products

Raws li TG nkhaus thiab MS cov ntaub ntawv, cov txheej txheem pyrolysis ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau theem. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem, nyob rau hauv qis kub, cov khoom yuav undergo volatilization ntawm me me-molecule additives los yog cleavage ntawm ib feem tsis ruaj tsis khov tshuaj bonds, ua me me-molecule gases xws li methanol thiab ethanol. Raws li qhov kub thiab txias, lub ntsiab pyrolysis pib, thaum lub sij hawm macromolecular chains tawg, tsim ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm volatile organic tebchaw (VOCs), xws li benzene, toluene, thiab ethylene. Thaum kub kub, cov khoom siv ntxiv decomposes, muaj peev xwm tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab carbon dioxide.

Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntawm cov theem sib txawv, cov txheej txheem pyrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem raug xam. Piv txwv li, yog tias muaj cov khoom siv roj ntau ntawm phosphorus-muaj cov khoom siv roj raug kuaj pom ntawm qhov pib pyrolysis, nws yuav qhia tau tias phosphorus-raws li nplaim hluav taws pib ua rau qis qis, inhibiting combustion los ntawm cov roj-theem nplaim hluav taws xob retardant mechanism.

4.2 Kawm txog Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob

Cov txheej txheem TG-MS kom meej meej qhia qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws xob ntawm cov txheej txheem pyrolysis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Rau halogen-raws li nplaim hluav taws, hydrogen halide gases raug tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm pyrolysis, uas ntes cov dawb radicals nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem combustion los cuam tshuam cov combustion saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Los ntawm TG-MS tsom xam, qhov tso tawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm hydrogen halide gases tuaj yeem tshawb pom los kawm txog cov nplaim hluav taws kub hnyiab ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws halogen.

Rau cov nplaim hluav taws kub hnyiab, uas feem ntau muaj cov kua qaub, cov pa roj carbon monoxide, thiab cov pa roj, cov kua qaub ua ntej decomposes los tsim cov kua qaub thaum lub sij hawm pyrolysis, txhawb lub cev qhuav dej thiab carbonization ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide los tsim cov char txheej, thaum cov pa roj decomposes los tsim cov roj uas nthuav cov txheej txheem char. Cov txheej txheem TG-MS tuaj yeem saib xyuas kev tso tawm cov kua qaub, dej vapor, nitrogen, thiab lwm yam khoom siv roj, yog li nthuav tawm cov nplaim hluav taws xob tiv thaiv txoj hauv kev thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws kub nyhiab.

5. Cov kev sib tw thiab kev daws teeb meem hauv TG-MS Applications

5.1 Thib ob cov khoom siv roj

Thaum lub sij hawm pyrolysis, cov khoom siv roj yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam thib ob hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov kav dej ntawm cov thermogravimetric analyzer thiab qhov loj spectrometer lossis hauv ion qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom loj spectrometer, uas ua rau muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov khoom siv roj pom thiab cov ntsiab lus thiab qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag. Txhawm rau hais txog qhov no, kev tsim cov kav dej sib txuas tuaj yeem ua kom zoo siv cov khoom siv kub-resistant, inert cov ntaub ntawv los txo cov sijhawm nyob hauv cov khoom siv roj hauv cov kav dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm ion qhov chaw tsis muaj qhov ntsuas huab hwm coj (piv txwv li, txo qhov kub ntawm ion) tuaj yeem txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim thib ob.

5.2 Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke

Cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws kub retardant feem ntau yog cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau yam khoom, thiab lawv cov pyrolysis ua rau muaj ntau yam khoom siv roj uas cuam tshuam rau ib leeg, ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab. Multidimensional chromatography-mass spectrometry hyphenation techniques (xws li GC-MS-MS) ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem chemometric tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej txheem thiab txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj spectral, txhim kho lub peev xwm txheeb xyuas thiab ntsuas ntau yam khoom siv roj hauv cov khoom sib xyaw.

xaus

Cov txheej txheem thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS) muab cov txheej txheem kev txheeb xyuas dav dav thiab raug rau kev kawm cov txheej txheem pyrolysis ntawm hluav taws kub retardant khoom. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem no, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom siv roj thaum lub sij hawm pyrolysis ntawm hluav taws kub retardant cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas tob, thiab lawv cov nplaim hluav taws kub hnyiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim, muab kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb fawb, kev tsim kho, kev ua tau zoo, thiab nplaim hluav taws retardant mechanism kev tshawb fawb ntawm hluav taws kub retardant cov ntaub ntawv. Txawm hais tias muaj kev sib tw muaj nyob hauv nws daim ntawv thov, nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem, TG-MS yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws kub, ua kom muaj kev vam meej thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws kub retardant kev lag luam.

Yog xav paub ntxiv txog daim ntawv thov ntawm thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS) cov txheej txheem hauv pyrolysis tsom xam ntawm hluav taws kub retardant cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem mus ntsib Deepmaterial ntawm https://www.adhesivesmanufacturer.com/ yog xav paub ntau info.